专题复习——阅读七选五
高三英语组2016
Ⅰ.题型解读:
（1）试题模式：
给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章 ，对应有七个选项 ，要求同学们根据文章结构 、内容 ，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
（2）考查重点 ：
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握 。
（3）所涉文体 ：
阅读材料有说明文 、议论文和记叙文 。其中以说明文和议论文居多 。
（4）选项特点：
①主题句②过渡句③注释句
1.主题句(topicsentence)Usedtogiveageneralideaofthearticle.
Example
Amajorsourceofteenstressisschoolexams,andtestanxietyisnotuncommon.Whenyourecognizeyourteenisunderstress,howcanparentshelpyourteenstaycalmbeforeanexam?First,beinvolved.Second,provideacalmsetting.
●73
Whenapersonisaskingaquestion,showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification.
A.Showyourtrueinterest.
B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.
2.过渡句(transitionalsentence)Usedtolinkthesentencesbeforeandafter
连接词(linkwords:otherwise/but/however/moreover/so…)
Example:
Thegovernmentemploysmanypeopletohelptakecareofoursociety.However,theseprofessionalscan’thelpeveryoneoutjustbythemselves.Theyneedourhelp!Consideringvolunteering!
Everyoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabitandthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing. 71 Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.A.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.B.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.
3.注释句(explanationsentence)Usedtofurtherexplainorgiveexamplestothesentencesbefore.
Example
……Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhat
isimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.
Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou……
Goforawalk. ……Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain. 74 A.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.B.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.
阶段回顾（一）
Ⅰ.Classifythefollowingsentenceswiththerulementionedabove.
A.主题句B.过渡句C.注释句
1.Thismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtime.()
2.HowterribleadayIhad.I’llneverdoanythinglikethis.()
3.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.()
4.Somepeople,however,thinkthatthisiswherethedangerlies.()
5.LifewasprettyterribleformostpeopleinLondon100yearsago.()
6.Therearemanybenefitsofexercising.()
7.Peoplelikemallsformanyreasons.()
8.Instead,befriendlyandpraiseyourhost’steam.()
Ⅱ.做阅读七选五的步骤与技巧
1.基本步骤
（1）.研读选项
（2）.通读全文
（3）.代入选项
（4）.复查确定
2.步骤详解
（1）通读选项 ，确定选项特点，标出关键词 ，初步排除多余选项。
（2）通读全文 ，明确文章主题，了解文章结构和内容 ，确定文章类型 。
（3）详读段落 ，确定主题句,着重阅读空白前后句，标出关键词，根据线索判断。
（4）代入选项，通读全文，复查句间逻辑关系 ，确定选项。
3.判断方法 ：
在标记了原文与选项的关键词以后 ，可以按照下列原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配 ：
（1）.词汇衔接
正确选项中的关键词（代词 ，名词)一般重复前一句的关键词 ，也与下一句的关键词相呼应 。
Inthetwentiethcentury,someexpertsbegantostudydreamsscientifically.______hebelievesthatdreamsallowapersontoexpressfearsorfantasies.
A.Dreamsarerelatedwithaperson’sinnerthought.
B.OneofthemostfamousisFreud’stheory.
（2）．逻辑衔接
正确选项与原文空之前的句子在逻辑上是连贯的（解释关系 ，例证关系 ，因果关系 ，顺承或转折关系）。
Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.75
A.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.
B.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.
（3）.结构衔接
正确选项和前/后句的句式在结构上往往一致。
Mymotherisadiligentandkindwoman.Sheisverybusyfrommorningtillnight.Asateacher,sheworkshard. 1 BothmybrotherandIloveherdearlyasshelovesus.
A.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort.
B.Shelovesherstudentsandcaresforthem.
阶段回顾（二）
Moreexercise
1. 71Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub．It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays．
A. Whatareyouinterestin?
B. Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner．
2.Thejobtaughtmeavaluablelesson:tobeasuccessfulsalesperson,youdidn’tneedtobeaRocketscientist—youneededtobeagreatlistener. 75 Expecttheyarenolongerwomenpurchasingcosmeticsfromme;instead,theyarekidswhotellmewhichtoystheywouldliketoseedesignedanddeveloped.
A.TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.
B.Mygrandma’strusttaughtmehowtohandleresponsibility.
3.●Suggestaprivatemeeting.
Aone-on-onemeetingisacalmersettingthanspeakinginfrontofyourpeers.75
A.Itcanalsobemoreeffectiveinexchangingideas.
B.Youmanyalsoaskforclarificationonthequestion.
4.Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway. 2
A．Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.
B．Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.
Ⅲ.课堂演练（2011高考真题）（10分）
题目：MoneyMatters
MoneyMatters
Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71
soYoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.
1.Thebasicfunctionofmoney
Beingexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.Itisimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethinghewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy，givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier（收银员）.72Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.
2.Moneylessons
Approachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty. 73 Ifyoumustsaynotoachild’srequesttospendmoney,explain,”Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”Or,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say.“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”
3. 74
Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickputsimilarbrandsofaproduct—anamebrandbutterandageneric(无商标产品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney. 75 Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainshowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.
A.Wisedecision.
B.Thevalueofmoney.
C.Permitthechildtochoosebetweenthem.
D.Tellyourchildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.
E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.
F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.
G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.
Ⅳ.巩固练习（20分）
（1）
TheWinner’sGuidetoSuccess
Howdosuccessfulpeoplethink?Whathelpsthemtomakesuccess?Tofindouttheanswers,anAmericanscholarrecentlyvisitedsomeofthemostsuccessfulpeopleinAmerica.1
Beresponsibleforyourself
Sometimesyoumaywanttoblameothersforyourfailuretogetahead.2You’resaying,“YouhavemorecontrolovermylifethanIdo.”
Livelife“onpurpose”
Almostallsuccessfulpeoplelivelife“onpurpose”—theyaredoingwhattheybelievetheyshouldandwanttodo.Whenyouliveyourlifeonpurpose,you’lltryyourbesttodoyourjoborstudyaswellasyoucan.Youlovewhatyoudoandyoucanfindpleasureinwhatyoudo.
Writeaplan
Itisverydifficulttryingtogetwhatyouwantwithoutagoodplan.3Agoodplanislikeamaptoyou.Withoutthis“map”,youmaywasteyourtime,moneyandalsoyourenergy;whilewiththe“map”you’llenjoythe“trip”andgetwhatyouwantintheshortestpossibletime.
Bewillingtopaytheprice
Nothinggreatiseasytoget.Soyoumustbereadytoworkhard—evenharderthanyouhaveeverdone.Ifyouarenotwillingtopaytheprice,youwon’tgetanythingvaluable.
Nevergiveup
4Whenyouaredoingsomething,youmusttellyourselfagainandagain:Givingupisworsethanfailurebecausefailurecanbethemotherofsuccess,butgivingupmeansthedeathofhope.
5
OnceanAmericanwriterwaswritinganovel.Hecouldnothaveagoodendingforhisbookuntilonenightwhenhehadaverygoodidea.Hewassoexcitedthathemadeaphonecalltooneofhisbestfriends.“I’vegotaperfectidea,”hesaid,“I’llputitdownlaterandshowittoyou.”Butheneverdid,becausehediedthatnight.Hisbookwasleftwithoutaperfectending.Soremember,dowhatyoucanrightaway.Neverdelayatall.
A.Itisjustliketryingtodrivethroughstrangeroadstoacityfaraway.
B.Itseemstousthateveryoneknowsthis.Butitiseasiersaidthandone.
C.Somepeopleachievesuccessmuchlaterinlifebecausetheyfailtorealizeearliertheimportanceofhardwork.
D.Infact,whenyousaysomeoneorsomethingoutsideofyourselfisstoppingyoufrommakingsuccess,you’regivingawayyourownpower.
E.Someoneelse’sopinionofyoudoesn’thavetobecomeyourreality.
F.Don’tdelay
G.Herearesomekeystosuccessthattheygive.
（2）2014新课标卷TipsforcookingonaTightSchedule
Frommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.____36__MoneyisatopicI’llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:
1.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthereisnothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?_____37___
2.Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal,makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread?___38___ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.
3.____39____Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.
Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart..____40___Anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!
A.Trynewthings.
B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.
C.Makethreeorfourinstead.
D.Understandyourfoodbetter.
E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.
F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.
G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.
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